Importance of pKa in SPE In solid-phase extraction (SPE), the acid dissociation constant (pKa) serves as the fundamental parameter governing analyte retention and selectivity. As defined in forensic SPE literature, pKa represents “the pH where half of the compound present is ionized and half non-ionized (neutral).” This seemingly simple value determines whether your extraction will

Overview of Mixed-Mode and Reversed-Phase SPE Sorbents Solid-phase extraction (SPE) has revolutionized sample preparation by enabling scientists to reduce chromatographic complexity, increase signal-to-noise ratios, improve detection limits, minimize matrix effects, concentrate analytes of interest, and enhance analytical robustness. The introduction of Oasis HLB in 1996 fundamentally changed how scientists perform SPE, establishing new possibilities for