Pharmaceutical Contamination in Aquatic Sediments Pharmaceutical residues in river sediments represent a growing environmental concern with significant implications for ecosystem health. As wastewater treatment plants discharge effluents containing unmetabolized drugs and their transformation products, these compounds accumulate in sediment matrices where they can persist for extended periods. The hydrophobic nature of many pharmaceutical compounds facilitates

Overview of PFAS Contamination and Regulatory Limits Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) represent a class of over 4,700 synthetic chemicals characterized by strong carbon-fluorine bonds that make them highly persistent in the environment. These “forever chemicals” have been widely used in industrial applications and consumer products since the 1940s, including firefighting foams, non-stick cookware, water-repellent